The Impact of Poverty on Healthcare Service Disparities in Indonesia

Adam Nurcholiq; Hardianto Hardianto

doi:10.70716/emis.v2i2.290

Authors

Adam Nurcholiq Ekonomi Pembangunan, Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Ekonomi Sakti Alam Kerinci, Indonesia Author
Hardianto Ekonomi Pembangunan, Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Ekonomi Sakti Alam Kerinci, Indonesia Author

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.70716/emis.v2i2.290

Keywords:

poverty, inequality, healthcare services, national health insurance

Abstract

Poverty remains a structural factor that exacerbates healthcare inequality in Indonesia. This study aims to analyze the relationship between poverty levels and public access to healthcare through a systematic literature review of scholarly publications over the past decade. The findings indicate that low-income populations face economic, geographic, and administrative barriers that limit access to quality healthcare. Inequality is further intensified by the uneven distribution of medical personnel and healthcare facilities between urban and rural areas. The National Health Insurance (JKN) program has expanded financial protection for the poor, yet its implementation still requires improvements in equity and effectiveness. This study underscores the importance of cross-sectoral policies focusing on equitable resource distribution, primary care strengthening, and community empowerment to establish an inclusive and socially just healthcare system.

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