Ketimpangan Ekonomi dan Dampaknya terhadap Mobilitas Sosial Masyarakat

Siti Nur Aisyah; Ahmad Fauzan

doi:10.70716/perseptif.v2i3.409

Authors

Siti Nur Aisyah Program Studi Pendidikan Sejarah, Universitas PGRI Mahadewa Indonesia, Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia Author
Ahmad Fauzan Program Studi Pendidikan Sejarah, Universitas PGRI Mahadewa Indonesia, Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia Author

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.70716/perseptif.v2i3.409

Keywords:

economic inequality, social mobility, income distribution, education inequality, public policy

Abstract

Economic inequality is a structural issue that continues to shape social mobility dynamics across societies. Unequal distributions of income and wealth constrain access to critical resources such as education, healthcare, and decent employment, particularly for low-income groups. This study aims to comprehensively analyze the relationship between economic inequality and social mobility by synthesizing cross-national empirical evidence. The research employs a systematic literature review of peer-reviewed journal articles, international research reports, and academic books. A qualitative-comparative approach is used to examine relational patterns, causal mechanisms, and policy implications linking inequality and mobility. The findings reveal a robust negative association between income and wealth inequality and both intergenerational and intragenerational social mobility, although the magnitude and pathways vary across institutional contexts. Education systems, fiscal structures, and institutional quality emerge as key mediating factors. The study concludes that reducing economic inequality through redistributive policies, educational equalization, and strengthened public institutions is essential for enhancing social mobility and achieving sustainable social justice.

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